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IELTS
IELTSライティングタスク2の書き方 | 問題タイプ別に徹底解説
「ライティングタスク2ってどんな問題があるの？」
「具体的な書き方がよくわからない...」
IELTSライティングタスク2は、出題される問題形式によりエッセイの書き方が異なるため、難しいと感じる人が多いタスクです。そこで本記事では、ライティングタスク2のエッセイの書き方を問題形式別に解説します。さらに、得点を伸ばすコツ、効果的な学習方法も紹介するので、ぜひ参考にしてください。
オンライン英会話ベストティーチャーのIELTS対策コースでは、IELTSを共同運営するIDPが監修した『オリジナル問題』を使ってレッスンを受けられます。1ヶ月強でスピーキングスコア5.5から7.5にアップした実績も！無料で体験可能なのでまずはお気軽にお試しください。
IELTS ライティングタスク2の概要
ライティングタスク2は、与えられた設問に対して「賛成か反対か」や「利点と欠点」についてなど、エッセイ形式で解答する問題です。使用する単語や表現は、アカデミック(学術的)なものである必要があります。
規定は250単語以上で、時間制限はタスク1と2合わせて60分です。スコア配分が1よりも2の方が多いので、タスク1は20分、タスク2は40分と考えると良いでしょう。
評価項目
ライティングテストは資格のある試験官によって採点されますが、少なくとも2人、時には3〜4人の試験官が採点します。評価は「課題の達成度」、「一貫性とまとまり」、「語彙力」、「文法知識と正確さ」の分野で採点されます。
具体的には以下のポイントです。
- 課題にどの程度取り組んでいるか
- 回答に詳細な裏付けを提示しているか
- 段落分けがうまくできているか
- 自然に接続詞が使えているか
- 幅広い語彙を自然に使用できているか
- 様々な構文を柔軟に使いこなすことができるか
詳しい評価基準は公式Webサイトから確認できます。
IELTSのスコアについては「IELTSスコアの仕組み！各スコアの英語レベルや留学の目安・換算表」でも解説しています。
ライティングタスク2の得点を伸ばすコツ3つ
ライティングタスク2には、6つの問題形式がありますが、共通で使えるコツを3つ紹介します。
設問を正確に理解する
設問形式が6種類あることから、それぞれで問われる内容を正確に理解することが一番重要です。設問形式は「タスク2の設問形式6種類と書き方のポイント」のパートで解説しますが、以下の種類があります。
- Opinion型
- Advantage & Disadvantage 型 (意見主張あり/意見主張なし)
- Discussion 型
- Positive / Negative 型
- Cause / Solution 型
そして、良くあるNG解答は、設問で聞かれた以上のことを自分の解釈で盛り込んでしまうケースです。
- 例題 -
Some people choose to be vegetarians because they believe it improves their health and has a positive effect on the world. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
ベジタリアンになることを選択する人の中には、ベジタリアンになることで健康が増進し、世界に良い影響を与えると考える人もいる。あなたはどの程度賛成ですか、反対ですか？
例えば、上記の設問ではあくまでも「ベジタリアンになることで健康が増進して世界に良い影響を与えるか」に対して、賛成か反対かを述べるものです。もしここで「活動家の話も入れよう」と考えてしまう人は要注意です。
このように、拡大解釈しないことも「正しく設問を理解する」には重要です。
エッセイの構成に時間をかける
設問を読んだら直ぐに書き始めるのではなく、時間をかけてまずは構成を練りましょう。イメージとしては、40分のうち構成に10分程度かけても問題ありません。
見直しに5分当てるとしても、25分間のライティング時間が確保できます。最初に構成を考えるのは、書いている途中で内容がぶれてしまったり、あれもこれもと要素を盛り込みすぎないためです。構成を考える時に大切なのは、以下の3つです。
- 自身の立場 / 主張を決める
- それを裏付ける例やデータ
- 自身の意見の反対派が納得できる内容かどうか
「なぜ」自分はそう思うのか、根拠となる例やデータは自身の体験談を書いても構いませんが、客観性に欠けると判断されてしまう可能性があります。あくまでも、客観的に見て、誰もが妥当だと思うものを書きましょう。
数文書いて見直す
すべて書き終えてから確認するのではなく、数文書いて見直す癖をつけましょう。もちろん書き終えてからの最終チェックは欠かせませんが、文法の間違いやスペルミス、構成からズレていないか都度確認することが大切です。
慣れるまでは時間がかかってしまうと思いますが、これを行うことで確実に適切なエッセイを書くことができます。素早く自然にできるようになるまで練習しましょう。
タスク2の設問形式6種類と書き方のポイント
タスク2の設問形式6種類と、それぞれの解答の書き方のポイントを例題を用いて解説します。
Opinion 型
与えられたトピックに対して、賛成か反対か自分の意見を解答する形式です。
【例題】
Some people choose to be vegetarians because they believe it improves their health and has a positive effect on the world.
To what extent do you agree or disagree?
【エッセイの書き方】
まずは、自分のポジションを明確にします。問いは、(このトピックに対して)どの程度賛成 /反対ですか？というものなので、100%賛成(反対)、どちらかといえば賛成 (反対)など自分の主張を決めます。
この時「100%賛成か反対の立場」をとった方がエッセイは書きやすくなります。立場を決めたら、導入→本論1〜3→結論の構成でエッセイを作成します。
導入：トピックのパラフレーズ + 自身の主張 + エッセイの展開
<トピックのパラフレーズ>
Some individuals choose a vegetarian lifestyle, asserting that it enhances their well-being and contributes positively to the global environment.
<自身の主張>
In my opinion, I strongly agree with this perspective.
<エッセイの展開>
This essay will discuss two primary reasons why being a vegetarian is beneficial, focusing on health improvements and global environmental impact.
本論：自身の主張を裏付ける理由を例や詳細を付け加えて説明する
本論は2つか3つ書きます。具体例を用いて上手く展開できれば2つでも十分ですが、1つの例に対して話を膨らすことができない場合は3つにしましょう。
もし、どちらかといえば賛成 / 反対の立場をとった場合は、本論を3つにし、自身がより指示する立場について2つ書きます。そうすることで、自身の主張を明確に伝えることができます。
まずは、トピックセンテンス + 理由で始めます。
A key reason for supporting vegetarianism is its potential to improve health.
そして、サポートセンテンスでトピックセンテンスを展開していきます。理由をサポートする具体例やデータは、できるだけ客観性を持たせるために自身の体験などは極力使わないようにしましょう。
<説明1>
Scientific studies consistently show that a plant-based diet can lower the risk of various health issues, such as heart disease, high blood pressure, and certain types of cancer.
<詳細1>
This is primarily due to the abundance of vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants found in fruits, vegetables, and legumes, which are essential for overall well-being.
<具体例1>
For example, research indicates that individuals adhering to a vegetarian diet tend to exhibit lower cholesterol levels and experience fewer instances of obesity, leading to enhanced overall health and resilience.
<2つ目のトピックセンテンス>
Furthermore, choosing a vegetarian lifestyle has a positive effect on the world by mitigating environmental challenges.
<説明2>
The meat industry plays a substantial role in causing deforestation, water pollution, and the release of greenhouse gas emissions.
<詳細2>
Adopting a plant-based diet reduces the demand for animal agriculture, subsequently alleviating environmental strain.
<具体例2>
For example, the livestock sector is responsible for a considerable share of global greenhouse gas emissions, and transitioning to a vegetarian diet is an effective way to curb this environmental impact. By making this choice, individuals actively contribute to the preservation of ecosystems and the reduction of their carbon footprint.
結論：自身の主張を再度述べる + エッセイの内容の要約
まずは、導入で主張した自身の意見を再度言い換えて書きます。
In conclusion, the decision to embrace vegetarianism not only promotes personal health but also fosters a positive impact on the environment.
そして、本論の要約をします。
The evidence supporting the health benefits of a plant-based diet, coupled with the environmental advantages, makes it a compelling choice for individuals concerned about their well-being and the planet. As more people choose this lifestyle, the collective impact has the potential to create a healthier and more sustainable world for future generations.
Advantage & Disadvantage 型
与えられたトピックに対して、メリットとデメリットのどちらが大きいかを問う問題です。この問題には、自身の意見を述べるタイプと述べないタイプが存在します。
意見主張あり
意見を述べるだけではなく、メリットとデメリットの両方を議論し、そのどちらが大きいかを解答するタイプの試験です。
【例題】
The number of multicultural cities is increasing due to globalisation.
Does this development have more advantages or disadvantages?
特に陥りやすいNGポイントは以下の3つです。
- メリットとデメリットの一方しか挙げていない
- 議論の結果どちらが上回るかを書いていない
- 自分の意見を述べていない
【エッセイの書き方】
まずは自分のポジションを明確にして、エッセイの方向性を決めましょう。今回は「メリットの方が大きい」という主張で書いていきます。
導入：トピックのパラフレーズ+ 自身の立場 + エッセイの展開
<トピックのパラフレーズ>
The rise in multicultural cities can be attributed to the phenomenon of globalization.
<自分の立場 + エッセイの展開>
While these urban centers become vibrant melting pots of diverse cultural expressions, traditional practices, and linguistic variations, they also grapple with challenges related to social integration and potential conflicts. In this essay, I will explore the multifaceted nature of this trend, emphasizing the belief that the advantages outweigh the disadvantages.
本論1：メリットについて述べる
メリットの方が大きいという立場をとっているので、メリットの数がデメリットの数を上回るように本論を作成します。今回はメリット2つ、デメリット1つで構成しますが、どんなに多くともメリットは3つ、デメリットは2つまでにしましょう。
<メリット1>
One of the significant advantages of multicultural cities is the rich diversity they offer, blending various cultural backgrounds, traditions, and languages.
<説明1>
This diversity enhances tolerance and understanding among residents, leading to a vibrant community network.
<具体例1>
For instance, cities like Toronto and London celebrate diverse cultural festivals, allowing individuals to appreciate and learn from different customs and practices. As a result, people become more open-minded and accepting of differences, fostering a more harmonious society.
<メリット2>
Moreover, multicultural cities often experience economic benefits due to globalization.
<説明2>
These cities attract a diverse pool of talent and expertise from around the world.
<具体例2>
For example, cities such as New York and Singapore have become global financial hubs due to their ability to attract international businesses and skilled professionals. This influx of talent fuels innovation and economic growth, contributing significantly to the city's prosperity and development.
本論2：デメリットについて述べる
先述した通り、メリットを2つ挙げたので、デメリットは1つにします。
<デメリット1>
However, alongside these advantages, multicultural cities also face challenges.
<説明>
One notable disadvantage is the potential for cultural clashes and social tensions. When various cultures coexist, conflicts may arise due to differing values or beliefs.
<具体例>
For instance, cultural misunderstandings can lead to discrimination or even social unrest, as seen in some European cities experiencing tensions between native populations and immigrant communities.
まとめ：要約と意見の再主張
メリットとデメリット両方を議論した結果(エッセイ)の要約と、結果としてメリットが上回るという自身の主張を改めて書きます。
In conclusion, the increase in multicultural cities due to globalization brings both advantages and disadvantages. Despite the challenges of cultural clashes, the advantages of fostering diversity, economic growth, and a more tolerant society are paramount. It is imperative to recognize that the benefits of multiculturalism extend far beyond the drawbacks, and addressing the complexities requires proactive measures to promote understanding and inclusion among different communities.
意見主張なし
メリットとデメリットは何かを問う設問なので、自身の意見は主張しません。中立的な立場からのエッセイにするため、挙げるメリットとデメリットの数は同じにします。
【例題】
Some parents buy a lot of toys for their children.
What are the advantages and disadvantages of children having a lot of toys?
【エッセイの書き方】
導入：問題文のパラフレーズ + エッセイの展開
<問題文のパラフレーズ >
In contemporary society, the purchasing of numerous toys for children has become a prevalent practice among parents. This phenomenon raises the question of the advantages and disadvantages associated with children having an abundance of toys.
<エッセイの展開>
In this essay, we will explore both aspects and provide insights into the potential impact on a child's development.
本論1：メリットについて2つ書く
<メリット1>
One significant advantage of children having a plethora of toys is the stimulation of cognitive and creative abilities.
<説明1>
The variety of toys available in the market caters to different learning styles and preferences, fostering intellectual growth.
<具体例>
For instance, puzzles enhance problem-solving skills, building blocks promote spatial awareness, and artistic tools encourage creativity. As a result, children exposed to a diverse range of toys tend to develop a well-rounded set of cognitive abilities that are essential for their academic and personal success.
<メリット2>
Furthermore, an ample supply of toys can contribute to the development of social skills in children.
<説明2>
Toys designed for group activities and games facilitate interaction and cooperation among peers.
<具体例>
Board games, for instance, encourage children to take turns, follow rules, and communicate effectively. This social engagement not only enhances their interpersonal skills but also lays the foundation for teamwork and collaboration in future endeavors.
本論2：デメリットについて2つ書く
<デメリット1>
On the other hand, a notable disadvantage of an excess of toys lies in the potential for overstimulation and reduced attention span.
<説明1>
When children have an abundance of toys, they may find it challenging to focus on one activity for an extended period.
<詳細1>
This overabundance can lead to a decreased ability to concentrate and may negatively impact their capacity for sustained attention, a crucial skill for academic success.
<デメリット2>
Moreover, an excess of toys may inadvertently contribute to materialism and a sense of entitlement in children.
<説明2>
When children are constantly surrounded by a multitude of toys, they may develop an expectation that material possessions are readily available and easily replaceable.
<詳細2>
This attitude can hinder the development of gratitude and an appreciation for non-material aspects of life, potentially impacting their long-term emotional well-being.
まとめ：エッセイの概要をまとめる
In conclusion, while providing children with a variety of toys can stimulate cognitive development and foster social skills, it is essential to recognize the potential drawbacks associated with an excess of toys. Parents must strike a balance to ensure that their children benefit from a diverse range of toys without succumbing to the pitfalls of overstimulation and materialistic tendencies. The key lies in thoughtful selection and moderation to support holistic child development.
Discussion 型
2つの意見それぞれについて議論した上で、自身の意見を述べる形式の問題です。良くあるNGポイントとして、以下の3つが挙げられます。
・自分の意見を述べない
・両方の意見に対する論拠を示さない
・賛否を平等に展開しない
【例題】
Some people say that modern communication technology means that good handwriting is no longer necessary. Others believe that good handwriting will always be an important skill.
Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.
【エッセイの書き方】
序論：問題文のパラフレーズ + 自分の意見 + 2つの主要なポイント
<問題文のパラフレーズ>
Some assert that the advent of modern technology has rendered good handwriting obsolete, while others maintain that it remains a vital skill.
<自分の意見>
In my opinion, good handwriting continues to be important.
<2つの主要なポイント>
Firstly, the act of handwriting contributes to cognitive development, especially in children, enhancing memory retention and cognitive functions. Additionally, individuals with legible handwriting often demonstrate superior organizational skills and attention to detail, qualities essential in various professional settings.
本論1：手書きは時代遅れだという意見をサポートする説明をしていきます。
<トピックセンテンス>
Some argue that good handwriting is no longer necessary due to the prevalence of modern communication technology.
<説明>
The advent of smartphones and computers has led to the perception that digital communication is quicker and more efficient, making the traditional act of handwriting seem outdated.
<具体例>
For instance, instant messaging and emails have become the standard modes of communication, making traditional handwritten letters and notes appear impractical and time-consuming.
<トピックセンテンス2 + 説明>
Additionally, the use of voice-to-text technology further diminishes the need for manual writing, as individuals can convey their messages verbally without the need for typing or handwriting.
<具体例>
Voice assistants like Siri and Google Assistant allow users to dictate messages without physically typing or writing them.
本論2：手書きは重要なスキルだという意見をサポートする説明をしていきます。
<トピックセンテンス1>
On the positive side, many believe that good handwriting remains crucial, particularly in formal and personal contexts.
<具体例1>
Formal documents, such as legal contracts and job applications, often necessitate handwritten signatures, emphasizing the enduring importance of this skill.
<具体例2>
Moreover, handwritten notes convey a personal touch that electronic messages may lack, fostering stronger connections in both personal and professional relationships.
<トピックセンテンス2>
Studies have shown that the act of physically writing information enhances information processing and understanding, which is not replicated to the same extent in digital typing.
<具体例>
Educational settings often encourage students to take handwritten notes during lectures as it is linked to improved retention and comprehension.
結論：エッセイのまとめ + 自分の意見の再主張
<エッセイのまとめ>
In conclusion, despite the prevalence of modern communication technology, good handwriting remains valuable for cognitive development, organizational skills, specific formal and personal contexts, enhanced information processing, and educational benefits. Striking a balance between technological advancements and traditional skills is crucial for effective communication and personal development in our digital age.
<自分の意見の再主張>
Therefore, I maintain that good handwriting is a relevant and essential skill in today's world.
Positive / Negative 型
与えられたトピックがPositiveかNegativeか、自身の意見を述べる形式の問題です。
【例題】
In some countries car ownership and driving has become less popular with young people.
Why do you think this is? Is it a positive or a negative development?
100%反対/100%賛成/50-50など自分の意見はどれでも問題ありませんが、立場を明確にしましょう。Opinion型と同様に、100%反対/賛成の立場をとったほうがエッセイは書きやすいです。
【エッセイの書き方】
この形式では、両意見を平等に論ずる必要はありません。50-50の立場を取らないのであれば、自身が支持する立場に振り切って書いてもOKです。基本的な書き方は、Opinion型と同じなので、そちらを参照してください。
序論：問題文のパラフレーズ + 自分の意見を述べる
本論1〜3：トピックセンテンス +なぜそれが良いのか/悪いのかの理由
本論では、アイディアを詰め込みすぎないことが重要です。書く内容を整理して多くても3つまでにしましょう。
結論：自身の意見を再主張する
Cause / Solution 型
問題、その原因、解決策の3点を述べる問題です。原因と解決策は1〜2つ、多くても3つまでにしましょう。
【例題】
In some countries, crime rates are increasing. What are the causes of this problem? What can be done about it?
【エッセイの書き方】
序論：問題分のパラフレーズ + どのような内容を展開するのか簡潔に述べる
<問題文のパラフレーズ>
In numerous countries, the surge in crime rates has become a pressing concern, prompting a need for comprehensive analysis and effective solutions.
<どのような内容を展開するのか>
This essay delves into the causes behind the escalating crime rates and proposes viable solutions to tackle this alarming issue.
本論1：原因を具体例を交えてを説明する
<原因>
Crime rates surge due to a combination of factors, notably socioeconomic disparities, and limited access to quality education. Economic deprivation and lack of educational opportunities may drive individuals toward criminal activities as a desperate means of survival.
<具体例>
For example, in countries where a significant population faces poverty and lacks educational access, people may resort to crime for economic survival. Additionally, social and family breakdowns contribute significantly, leaving individuals vulnerable to criminal influences. A child growing up in a crime-ridden neighborhood may find criminal role models more accessible than positive influences, increasing the likelihood of engaging in unlawful activities.
本論2：解決策を具体例を交えて説明する
<解決策>
To address the escalating crime rates, implementing robust socioeconomic policies is crucial. By narrowing the wealth gap and offering quality education, the root causes of crime can be mitigated, leading to a decline in criminal activities.
<具体例>
For instance, a country prioritizing wealth gap reduction and education observes a decline in crime rates as individuals have more legal opportunities for economic advancement. Additionally, community-based programs and interventions can foster stronger social bonds and support systems, thereby counteracting the negative impact of broken families. Community centers, mentorship programs, and after-school initiatives provide alternatives for individuals at risk, steering them away from a life of crime. A city that invests in after-school initiatives witnesses a positive shift in crime rates as individuals, especially those at risk, are provided with alternatives, steering them away from engaging in criminal activities.
結論：改めて、原因と解決策をまとめて述べる
<原因>
In conclusion, the surge in crime rates is a multifaceted issue rooted in socioeconomic disparities and social breakdowns.
<解決策>
To curb this trend, it is imperative to address the root causes through comprehensive socioeconomic policies and community-based initiatives. By fostering education, reducing income inequality, and strengthening social support structures, societies can create an environment that discourages criminal behavior, thereby paving the way for a safer and more secure future.
使えるテンプレート【設問形式別】
設問形式別に使える単語やフレーズを例文と合わせて紹介します。
Opinion 型
- In my opinion…
例文: In my opinion, technology has greatly improved our lives because it enhances communication, simplifies tasks, and fosters innovation.
- One reason for my viewpoint is that…
例文: One reason for my viewpoint is that renewable energy sources like solar and wind power are sustainable and environmentally friendly alternatives to fossil fuels.
- While it is true that [acknowledge opposing viewpoint], I still maintain that [restate your opinion].
例文: While it is true that some argue smartphones have led to decreased face-to-face interaction, I still maintain that they have revolutionized communication and connectivity in various aspects of life.
- Despite the fact that…
例文: Despite the fact that automation may lead to job displacement in certain sectors, I believe it also creates opportunities for new, specialized roles and boosts overall productivity.
- Without a doubt…
例文: Without a doubt, investing in renewable energy sources is imperative for combating climate change and securing a sustainable future for our planet.
- I am convinced that…
例文: I am convinced that implementing stricter penalties for environmental pollution is essential to preserve natural habitats and biodiversity.
- crucial/vital/essential
例文: It is crucial that governments prioritize investment in public transportation infrastructure to reduce traffic congestion and air pollution in urban areas.
- In my personal experience…
例文: In my personal experience, volunteering at a local shelter for the homeless has underscored the importance of community support and social welfare programs in addressing homelessness and poverty.
- There is an urgent need to…
例文: There is an urgent need to invest in education and skill development programs to equip the workforce with the tools necessary to adapt to the demands of the digital economy.
- I firmly believe that…
例文: I firmly believe that renewable energy sources such as hydroelectric power offer a more sustainable solution to energy production than fossil fuels, as they do not emit greenhouse gases and rely on renewable resources like flowing water.
- From my perspective…
例文: From my perspective, one of the key advantages of a vegetarian diet is its positive impact on environmental sustainability, as it requires fewer natural resources and produces lower greenhouse gas emissions compared to meat-based diets.
- In my view…
例文: In my view, the legalization of marijuana for medicinal purposes offers significant benefits, such as pain relief and symptom management for patients with chronic conditions like cancer and multiple sclerosis.
Advantage & Disadvantage 型
＜意見主張あり＞
- While there are both advantages and disadvantages to…
例文: While there are both advantages and disadvantages to telecommuting, I believe that the flexibility it offers outweighs the potential challenges.
- One advantage of [topic] is that [advantage].
例文: One advantage of online shopping is the convenience it provides, allowing consumers to shop from the comfort of their homes at any time.
- Another benefit is…
例文: Another benefit is that online learning platforms offer a wide range of courses and resources, allowing individuals to acquire new skills and knowledge at their own pace.
- Despite these advantages…
例文: Despite these advantages, remote work may blur the boundaries between work and personal life, leading to burnout and decreased job satisfaction.
- I firmly believe that…
例文: I firmly believe that telecommuting offers more benefits than drawbacks, as it provides flexibility for employees and reduces carbon emissions associated with commuting.
- From my perspective…
例文: From my perspective, one of the key advantages of globalization is increased access to diverse cultural experiences and perspectives, enriching individuals' lives and fostering mutual understanding.
- In my view…
例文: In my view, the ability to connect with people from around the world in real-time is a significant benefit of social media, as it promotes global communication and cultural exchange.
- Overall, my opinion is that…
例文: Overall, my opinion is that technological advancements in healthcare have more positive than negative aspects, as they improve patient outcomes, enhance medical diagnoses, and streamline healthcare delivery systems.
- Noteworthy advantage
例文: Investing in renewable energy offers a noteworthy advantage in the fight against climate change.
- Evidenced by
例文: The decline in biodiversity is evidenced by the shrinking habitats of endangered species and the increasing rate of species extinction.
- Potential drawback
例文: One potential drawback of relying solely on renewable energy sources is the intermittency of power generation, which can pose challenges to maintaining a stable and reliable electricity grid.
- Complex and multifaceted
例文: The issue of climate change is complex and multifaceted, involving scientific, economic, political, and social dimensions that require comprehensive and interdisciplinary solutions
<意見主張なし>
- Conversely
例文: Conversely, reliance on fossil fuels for energy production contributes to environmental degradation and climate change.
- While the benefits of [topic] are undeniable…
例文: While the benefits of technological advancements in healthcare are undeniable, it is crucial to acknowledge the ethical implications and privacy concerns associated with the use of personal health data.
- strike a balance between [advantages] and [disadvantages]
例文: It is important to strike a balance between economic growth and environmental conservation when considering the implications of industrial development in ecologically sensitive areas.
- On one hand, [advantage]; on the other hand, [disadvantage].
例文: On one hand, working from home offers flexibility and comfort; on the other hand, it can lead to feelings of isolation and blurred work-life boundaries.
- Proponents argue that…
例文: Proponents argue that implementing universal basic income can alleviate poverty and provide financial security to all citizens, thus promoting social equality and economic stability.
- Critics argue that…
例文: Critics argue that globalization primarily benefits multinational corporations and wealthy elites at the expense of local economies and workers, leading to job displacement and exploitation in developing countries.
- Another positive aspect is…
例文: Another positive aspect is that flexible work schedules allow employees to achieve a better work-life balance, resulting in increased job satisfaction and productivity.
- Drawbacks
例文: The drawbacks of urbanization include increased air and water pollution, overcrowding, and strain on infrastructure and public services.
- Downsides
例文: One of the downsides of genetically modified crops is the potential for unintended ecological consequences, such as the development of pesticide-resistant pests and loss of biodiversity.
Discussion 型
- On one hand
例文: On one hand, proponents argue that government intervention in the economy is necessary to address market failures and promote social welfare.
- Conversely
例文: Conversely, critics assert that excessive government regulation stifles innovation and hampers economic growth.
- In contrast
例文: In contrast, supporters contend that laissez-faire policies lead to inequality and exploitation in the absence of government intervention.
- Similarly
例文: Similarly, proponents of environmental regulations argue that they are necessary to protect ecosystems and public health.
- Advocates argue that…
例文: Advocates argue that implementing universal basic income can alleviate poverty and provide financial security to all citizens, thus promoting social equality and economic stability.
- Supporters contend that…
例文: Supporters contend that renewable energy sources offer a sustainable and environmentally friendly alternative to fossil fuels, reducing greenhouse gas emissions and mitigating climate change.
- I am inclined to believe that…
例文: While both perspectives offer valid points, I am inclined to believe that a balanced approach that combines elements of government intervention and free-market principles is necessary to address economic challenges effectively.
- I am of the opinion that…
例文: After considering the arguments presented, I am of the opinion that strategic government intervention is essential to correct market failures and ensure equitable outcomes while preserving the dynamism and efficiency of free markets.
- It is my belief that...
例文: It is my belief that sustainable development requires balancing economic growth with environmental conservation and social equity.
- Based on the arguments presented…
例文: Based on the arguments presented, I believe that proactive measures are needed to address climate change and its adverse impacts on society.
- After considering both viewpoints…
例文: After considering both viewpoints, I am of the opinion that investing in renewable energy infrastructure is crucial for mitigating climate change and promoting energy security.
- Ultimately
例文: Ultimately, striking a balance between competing interests is essential for achieving sustainable and inclusive development.
- In light of these arguments…
例文: In light of these arguments, policymakers must prioritize evidence-based decision-making and stakeholder engagement to ensure inclusive and sustainable development.
Positive / Negative 型
<100% 反対>- I completely disagree with the statement that…
例文: I completely disagree with the notion that capital punishment serves as an effective deterrent to crime.
- One reason for my disagreement is that…
例文: One reason for my disagreement is that economic growth at the expense of environmental protection leads to resource depletion, pollution, and biodiversity loss, ultimately undermining the well-being of current and future generations.
- I strongly oppose the idea that…
例文: I strongly oppose the idea that censorship is an effective solution to combating hate speech online, as it overlooks critical factors such as the importance of open discourse in addressing societal issues.
- It is simply not true that…
例文: It is simply not true that vaccines cause autism; numerous scientific studies have debunked this myth and confirmed the safety and effectiveness of vaccines in preventing infectious diseases.
- I cannot be further from the truth that…
例文: I cannot be further from the truth that reality TV represents an accurate depiction of real life. It is highly staged and unrealistic.
- In conclusion, I remain steadfast in my belief that…
例文: In conclusion, I remain steadfast in my belief that capital punishment should be abolished worldwide.
- In conclusion, I vehemently oppose the notion that…
例文: In conclusion, I vehemently oppose the notion that censorship is an effective tool for managing online content, as it undermines fundamental values such as freedom of speech and the exchange of diverse ideas in a democratic society.
- Demonstrably false
例文: The statement that automation will create more jobs than it replaces is demonstrably false.
- Unequivocally wrong
例文: The assertion that individuals with disabilities are incapable of contributing meaningfully to society is unequivocally wrong; countless 例文s demonstrate their valuable contributions in various fields.
- Utterly misleading
例文: The advertisement claiming that their product will make you lose 10 pounds in a week is utterly misleading, as it fails to mention the potential health risks and unrealistic expectations associated with rapid weight loss.
- Clearly detrimental
例文: The decision to cut funding for public education is clearly detrimental to the future prospects of our children, as it undermines their access to quality education and perpetuates socioeconomic disparities.
- I wholeheartedly agree with the statement that…
例文: I wholeheartedly agree with the assertion that renewable energy sources are crucial for combating climate change.
- I strongly advocate for…
例文: I strongly advocate for implementing comprehensive recycling programs in communities to reduce waste and promote environmental sustainability.
- I firmly believe that...
例文: I firmly believe that social media's impact on mental health is overwhelmingly negative.
- I emphatically agree that…
例文: I emphatically agree that globalization has enriched our lives culturally and economically.
- One compelling reason for my agreement is that…
例文: One compelling reason for my agreement is that renewable energy sources reduce greenhouse gas emissions and mitigate environmental degradation.
- It is undeniable that…
例文: It is undeniable that access to clean water and sanitation is essential for ensuring public health and preventing the spread of waterborne diseases.
- Unquestionably
例文: Unquestionably, advancements in artificial intelligence have revolutionized various industries, enhancing efficiency and productivity.
- Undoubtedly
例文: Undoubtedly, the discovery of antibiotics has transformed modern medicine, saving countless lives and revolutionizing healthcare practices.
- Undeniably
例文: Undeniably, renewable energy sources such as solar and wind power offer sustainable alternatives to fossil fuels, reducing carbon emissions and mitigating climate change.
- In conclusion, I am fully convinced that…
例文: In conclusion, I am fully convinced that transitioning to renewable energy is imperative for ensuring a sustainable future for generations to come.
- While I see merits on both sides of the argument, I find myself torn between [opinion 1] and [opinion 2].
例文: While I see merits on both sides of the argument, I find myself torn between the need for stricter gun control laws and the protection of individual rights to bear arms.
- While it is true that…
例文: While it is true that technological advancements have brought about numerous benefits, such as increased connectivity and convenience, they have also raised concerns about privacy, cybersecurity, and social isolation.
- On one hand, [opinion 1]; on the other hand, [opinion 2].
例文: On one hand, stricter gun control laws may reduce gun-related violence and mass shootings; on the other hand, they may infringe upon Second Amendment rights and restrict law-abiding citizens' access to firearms for self-defense.
- Overall, I find myself unable to fully support either opinion…
例文: Overall, I find myself unable to fully support either opinion, as both the need for stricter regulations on social media platforms and the protection of freedom of expression present valid arguments and potential consequences that must be carefully considered in policymaking to ensure a fair and democratic online environment.
- Complex
例文: The issue surrounding the ethics of genetic engineering is complex and cannot be easily categorized as solely beneficial or detrimental.
- Double-edged sword
例文: The rapid expansion of social media platforms can be seen as a double-edged sword; while it provides unprecedented opportunities for connectivity and information sharing, it also raises concerns about privacy invasion and the spread of misinformation.
- Nuanced
例文: The effects of globalization on local economies are nuanced and depend on various factors such as industry specialization, geographic location, and workforce skillsets.
- Cannot be generalized
例文: The effects of social media on mental health cannot be generalized; they vary greatly depending on individual usage patterns, pre-existing mental health conditions, and socio-cultural factors.
Cause / Solution 型
- One of the prominent issues facing society today is [problem].
例文: One of the prominent issues facing society today is childhood obesity.
- One significant cause of…
例文: One significant cause of air pollution is vehicular emissions, which release harmful pollutants into the atmosphere, contributing to respiratory illnesses and environmental degradation.
- To mitigate the problem of…
例文: To mitigate the problem of food insecurity, one potential solution is to implement community gardens and urban farming initiatives, which would provide access to fresh produce and promote local food resilience.
- A pressing issue facing our society today is...
例文: A pressing issue facing our society today is the increasing amount of electronic waste, with harmful environmental consequences.
- There is growing concern about the detrimental effects of...
例文: There is growing concern about the rising trend of childhood obesity, impacting both physical and mental health.
- It is undeniable that…
例文: It is undeniable that climate change poses a significant challenge, with potentially catastrophic consequences for the planet.
- Widespread problem
例文: The widespread problem of plastic pollution is caused by the excessive use and improper disposal of single-use plastics in both developed and developing countries.
- Considerable consequences
例文: The excessive use of pesticides in agriculture can have considerable consequences, including soil degradation, water contamination, and harm to non-target organisms.
- Root cause
例文: Addressing poverty is essential in tackling the root cause of many social issues, including inadequate access to healthcare, education, and employment opportunities.
- Key factors
例文: Education and access to economic opportunities are key factors in reducing youth unemployment rates and fostering socio-economic development.
- Underlying issue
例文: Although unemployment rates have decreased, the underlying issue of underemployment persists, with many individuals working in low-paying and unstable jobs.
- Contributing element
例文: Climate change is exacerbated by various contributing elements, such as deforestation, greenhouse gas emissions from industrial activities, and reliance on fossil fuels for energy production.
- Play a significant role
例文: Access to quality education plays a significant role in shaping individuals' opportunities for socio-economic advancement and improving overall societal well-being.
- This problem stems primarily from...
例文: This problem stems primarily from our unsustainable consumption patterns and reliance on fossil fuels.
- One of the key factors contributing to…
例文: One of the key factors contributing to social isolation is the increasing use of technology and decreasing face-to-face interaction.
- It is important to acknowledge that…
例文: It is important to acknowledge that poverty plays a significant role in educational inequality, limiting access to resources and opportunities.
- To address this issue, we need to...
例文: To address this issue, we need to invest in renewable energy sources and transition away from fossil fuels.
- A potential solution could be to...
例文: A potential solution could be to implement universal healthcare policies, ensuring equitable access to medical care for all.
- It is crucial to implement measures that...
例文: It is crucial to implement measures that promote financial literacy and education, empowering individuals to manage their finances effectively.
- Effective solution
例文: Promoting renewable energy sources and implementing energy efficiency measures is an effective solution to mitigate the impacts of climate change and reduce dependence on fossil fuels.
- Viable approach
例文: Implementing a carbon pricing mechanism is considered a viable approach to incentivize industries to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and transition towards cleaner energy sources.
- Tackle the issue
例文: To tackle the issue of plastic pollution, governments must implement strict regulations on single-use plastics and promote sustainable alternatives to reduce environmental harm.
- Address the root cause
例文: Instead of merely treating symptoms, it is crucial to address the root cause of poverty by implementing policies that promote equitable access to education, healthcare, and economic opportunities.
- Promote positive change
例文: Community-based initiatives aimed at raising awareness about environmental conservation and sustainable practices can promote positive change in reducing carbon emissions and protecting ecosystems.
タスク2の効果的な学習方法
タスク2の効果的な学習方法について紹介します。
フォーマルな英文を読む
IELTSアカデミックではフォーマルなエッセイが求められます。しかし、日頃からフォーマルな英文に慣れ親しんでおかないと急に書くことはできません。
フォーマルなエッセイは、形式はもちろん単語やフレーズ、言い回しなども適切なものを使用する必要があります。例えば、”think”は”consider”にしたり、”check out”は”examine”にするなどです。
ニュースや論文、新聞などフォーマルな英文を読む習慣付けをし、取り入れられそうな表現はメモしておきましょう。
過去問や問題集を解く
タスク2でハイスコアを取るためには、時間配分と形式に慣れる必要があります。基本的なエッセイの型をインプットしたら、過去問や問題集を時間を測って解いていきましょう。
模範解答と見比べて自身が使用しなかった単語やフレーズをメモしたり、自身の解答に不足している部分などを分析することが大切です。その後、改めてエッセイを書き出してみます。この作業を繰り返し行うことで模範解答に近いものが書けるようになるでしょう。
おすすめの問題集は、IELTSの参考書・問題集・単語帳おすすめ10選！【初心者必見】でも紹介しているので参考にしてみてください。
添削サービスを使う
ライティング対策を独学でしていると、構成の良し悪しや適切な表現など自分では気づけないポイントも多くあります。
スペルチェックや文法のミスだけであれば、「Ginger」などの無料ソフトで十分ですが、より自然な表現方法や、適切な単語の使い方を学ぶためには、IELTSに精通した人にアドバイスをもらうのが一番の近道です。
オンライン英会話ベストティーチャーでは、英語を話すレッスンだけではなく「書く」練習もできます。外国人講師が添削をしてくれるので、ミスだけではなく正しい英語表現や別の表現も学べます。
無料体験レッスンも受けられるので、気になる方はぜひ試してみてください。
詳しくはこちら：https://www.best-teacher-inc.com/ielts
まとめ
IELTSライティングタスク2の概要、問題タイプ別の解答方法などを紹介しました。リーディングやリスニングのように正解がないからこそ苦戦するライティングタスクですが、問題形式や解答のポイントを抑えれば、目標スコア達成も難しくありません。しっかり対策して臨みましょう！
