レッスン詳細

少子高齢化問題について話してみよう

Talking about the problems of an aging population and a low birth rate
外国人の友人と日本の少子高齢化問題について話しています。
少子高齢化は日本の大きな社会問題のひとつです。自分の考えを分かりやすく簡潔に伝えられるように、接続詞などやディスコースマーカーなどの表現をうまく織り交ぜて会話できるように練習しましょう。
How do you think Japan can address the issues of an aging population and a low birth rate?
 
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How do you think Japan can address the issues of an aging population and a low birth rate?

That's a quite crucial issue for Japan. It's obvious that we cannot stop the increase of elderly population. It means that we need to encourage young people to have more children. For this, I believe that aggressive support from the Japanese government is required.

自然な表現

That's quite a crucial issue for Japan. It's obvious that we cannot stop the increase in the elderly population. It means that we need to encourage young people to have more children. For this, I believe that aggressive support from the Japanese government is required.

1. The selected term is incorrectly positioned. It should be moved to the correct location within the sentence.
2. Change to ‘in’, which is a preposition that indicates location, time, or inclusion. It signifies being within a space, a period, or part of something.
You have a point indeed. What kind of support is needed in such a case? Would you tell me about it in detail?

Of course. There may be several options. Firstly, the government can simply give subsidies for people who have more than two children. Another option is the government can grant taxation benefits for companies that make efforts to support employees who have children .

自然な表現

Of course. There may be several options. Firstly, the government can simply give subsidies to people who have more than two children. Another option is that the government can grant taxation benefits to companies that make efforts to support employees who have children.

1&3. Use 'to' to express movement from one location to another.
2. Add ‘that’ to introduce defining relative clauses. ‘That’ is also used to point to things and people that are not easy to identify.
4. Pay attention to the spacing.
Those are promising approaches. Is it easy for new mothers to continue working and pursue their career goals? Would you tell me why you think so?

The situation improved compared to the past, but it's still not easy. In almost all major and big companies, there are good systems in place for mothers to restart their career. In other words, it depends on companies, because there is no strict regulation.

自然な表現

The situation has improved compared to the past, but it's still not easy. In almost all major and big companies, there are good systems in place for mothers to restart their careers. In other words, it depends on the company, because there is no strict regulation.

1. Use the phrase ‘has + ed tense’ to refer to the present perfect tense in English grammar. It is formed using ‘have’ or ‘has’ (depending on the subject) followed by the past participle of a verb, which often (but not always) ends in ‘-ed.’
2. You are discussing 'careers' in a general sense. Employ the plural form.
3. You are discussing 'company' in a general sense. Employ the singular form.
I see. What do you think about offering free education? Education cost could be one reason many Japanese opt not to have children.

That's a good point. Actually, free education system until high school is almost in place in Japan. The problem is that additional costs for tutoring schools are required to enter higher universities. However, I don't think that subsidies for such additional costs are realistic considering the government budget.

自然な表現

That's a good point. Actually, a free education system until high school is almost in place in Japan. The problem is that additional costs for tutoring schools are required to enter higher universities. However, I don't think that subsidies for such additional costs are realistic, considering the government budget.

1. Add ‘a’ or ‘an,’ which are singular-count nouns when you mean ‘one of many,’ ‘any,’ or ‘in general. ’
2. Add a comma to set off the non-restrictive clause.
That’s an interesting perspective, and it highlights how complex the issue is. Do you think there are other ways to reduce the financial burden on families besides education costs?

This is a part of education support, but the government should strengthen a kindergarten system. Now there are many people who want their children to go to kindergarten during their working time, but cannot do so due to the lack of capacity of kindergarten. The government may make an effort to improve teachers' treatment such as salary, working time, etc. In addition, Medical support for children is also one initiative although I don't think it strongly encourages improving the birth rate.

自然な表現

As part of education support,    the government should strengthen the kindergarten system. Now, there are many people who want their children to go to kindergarten during their working hours, but cannot do so due to the lack of capacity in kindergartens. The government may make an effort to improve teachers' working conditions, such as salary, working time, etc. In addition, medical support for children is also one initiative, although I don't think it strongly encourages improving the birth rate.

1. Change to 'as' to introduce two events occurring simultaneously.
2. 'But' creates disagreement in the sentence and should be removed.
3. Add ‘the’ before a noun to indicate that it is specific, meaning the speaker and listener both understand which noun is being referred to. It's used when the noun has already been mentioned, is unique, or is part of a specific group or context.
4. Add a comma after an introductory phrase or clause.
5&8. You are, indeed, correct. This correction constitutes an enhancement.
6. Change to ‘in’, which is a preposition that indicates location, time, or inclusion. It signifies being within a space, a period, or part of something.
7. You are discussing 'kindergartens' in a general sense. Employ the plural form.
9. Only the first word of a sentence, proper nouns, names, most titles, events, periods, the pronoun "I," locations, direct addresses, family relationships, months, holidays, days, and trademark names should be capitalized.
10. Insert a comma to divide independent clauses.

関連単語

  • decline（衰える、下降する）
  • exceed（超える、上回る）
  • gray（灰色の、白髪の）
  • maintain（維持する）
  • uncharted（未知の）
  • shortfall（不足）
  • immigration（移民）
  • fertility（受胎（生殖）能力）
  • aged（（形）年とった、熟成した　（名）老人）
  • decipherable（解読できる）

関連フレーズ

  • The reasons for Japan's current population crisis are very easy to see.（日本の現在の人口危機の理由はとてもわかりやすいものです。）
  • Increased education seems to be a dominant factor in Japan's declining birth rate.（教育の高まりが、日本の出生率低下の主要な原因となっているようだ。）
  • Japan's birth rate continues to plummet despite the government's attempts at providing incentives to young families.（政府が若い家庭に特権を与えようとしているにもかかわらず、日本の出生率は急落し続けている。）
  • Studies show that Japanese young people have less interest in dating.（日本の若者は、異性と付き合うことに以前より興味が減っているという研究結果が出ている。）
  • If Japan's death rate continues to outnumber its birth rate, the population of Japan will be less than 100 million in 2050.（もしも日本の死亡率が出生率を越えることが続けば、日本の人口は2050年に1億人以下となるでしょう。）
  • More and more young people seem to be delaying marriage these days.（近年、より多くの若者の婚期が遅くなっているようだ。）
  • More Japanese women are taking advantage of economic opportunities and are choosing careers over having children.（経済的な機会を利用して、子供を産むことよりもキャリアを選ぶ日本女性が増えています。）
  • A labor shortage may force Japan to ease its restrictions on immigration.（労働力不足により、日本は移民規制を緩和しなければならないかもしれない。）
  • Japan's looming demographic disaster will have profound economic, social, and political repercussions.（日本に迫り来る人口動態の大惨事は、経済的、社会的、政治的に深刻な影響を及ぼすだろう。）
  • One of the economic consequences of a low birth rate is that there will be fewer younger people paying for the national pension program.（少子化による経済的な影響の一つとして、国民年金を支払う若年層が少なくなることが挙げられます。）

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